![]() ![]() Across these 10 cases, observers have often concentrated on active threats and acts of violence, and less so on the latent risks that may produce new agents, modalities, targets, and opportunities for violence. In this report, ACLED has chosen 10 conflicts that demonstrate how violent political disorder is evolving in places it has festered for decades - such as Afghanistan - as well as in relatively new spaces - such as the United States. ![]() The rise of authoritarianism - and impunity - has generated significant public reaction in the form of mass protest movements, but it has also increased the level of violence imposed upon civilians and political competition. Governments are also much more likely to use violence against their citizens without international reproach. This is partially because governments in the world’s most violent places are no longer in control of their territories, nor show any interest or ability to resume control through direct or indirect authority. Two problems immediately stand out: the world is significantly more violent now than a decade ago, and today’s conflict forms are strongly localized - types of violence, agents, targets, and solutions are unique to their local context. ![]() In 2019, the world witnessed a drastic increase in violent disorder that assumed many forms: protests from Lebanon to Hong Kong and Iraq to Chile geopolitical competition in Yemen and Syria dominant insurgencies in Somalia and Afghanistan a cartel-insurgency in Mexico and a diffuse, adaptable militant threat across the Sahel. ![]()
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